Research

By Daniel Schreck 10 Nov, 2023
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A ne w stud y from researchers at the University of San Francisco (UCSF) has revealed a surprising connection between the neuropathology of those with Down syndrome and those with Alzheimer’s disease. By studying the brains of individuals with these conditions, researchers have discovered that the two groups exhibit the same neurodegenerative tangles and plaques. Neurological dysfunction seen in people with Alzheimer’s and Down syndrome is caused by an accumulation of misshapen proteins called prions – particularly the Tau and Amyloid beta (Ab) prions. These two prions are abnormally folded proteins that interact with healthy proteins, forcing them to adopt a misshapen structure. Normally, the Tau and Ab proteins support the body: Tau proteins maint ain stabilit y in neurons while amyloid beta proteins promote neurogenesis and memory formatio n . However, in Alzheimer’s, these proteins group into plaques and tangles which accumulate in the brain and cause neurological disfunction. The observed similarities in neurodegenerative function between the conditions make Down syndrome a potentially valuable model for studying early onset Alzheimer’s and preventing its progression. Stanley P rusine r , the Nobel Prize winner who is senior author of the study, explains:
27 Apr, 2022
After six years of research and over 40 patient surgeries, doctors have successfully fini shed Phase I of trials for a new device that is helping children with Down syndrome sleep through the night. Surgically implanted in the chest with a wire connecting to the tongue, Ins pire Medical Systems ’ hypoglossal nerve stimulator can be turned on via a remote control to move patients’ tongues while they sleep – helping keep their airways open. The Phase I results of the trial published last week are very promising. According to the findings, only five of the 42 children with Down syndrome who received implants experienced mouth discomfort after the device was implanted. To understand how the device is impacting patients, researchers analyz ed their breathing patterns before and after surgery:
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